Glossary of Terms Related to Water,
Water Purification and Filtration

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Z

  "A"

• ABS
• absorbent
• absorption
• acid
• acidity
• acre-foot
• activated carbon
• activated silica
• adsorbent
• adsorption
• aeration
• aerobic
• air gap
• algae
• alkali
• alkalinity
• alkyl benzene sulfonate
• alum
• amoeba
• anaerobic
• anion
• anion exchange
• Angstrom unit
• anode
• aquifer
• atom
• attrition

  "B"

• back-flow
• back-flow preventer
• backwash
• bacteria
• base
• base exchange
• batch
• batch operation
• bed
• bed depth
• bed expansion
• bicarbonate alkalinity
• Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
• biodegradable
• bleach
• BOD
• brackish water
• breakpoint chlorination
• breakthrough
• brine
• buffer
• builder
• bypass

  "C"

• calcium
• calcium carbonate equivalent
• calcium hypochlorite
• capacity
• capacity curve
• capillary action
• carbonaceous
• carbonaceous exchanger
• carbonate
• carbonate alkalinity
• carbonate hardness
• carbon chloroform extract
• carbon dioxide
• carbonic acid formed
• carboxylic
• cartridge
• cathode
• cathodic protection
• cation
• cation exchange
• cation load factory y
• caustic
• caustic soda
• CC
• channeling
• chelate
• chelating agent
• chemical stability
• chlorides
• chlorine
• chlorinator
• chlorine demand
• coagulant
• coagulant aid
• coagulation
• COD
• Coliform bacteria
• collector
• colloid
• color
• color throw
• column operation
• combined available chlorine
• compensated hardness
• composite sample
• concentration factor
• conductance
• conductivity
• connate water
• contamination
• conversion
• corrosion
• Crenothrix polyspora
• cross connection
• cross-sectional area
• Cryptosporidium
• cube
• cubic foot
• cycle

  "D"

• dechlorination
• deionization
• demineralization
• density
• detergent
• D.I. or DI
• dialysis
• diaphragm pump
• diatomaceous earth
• diatomite
• dielectric fitting
• differential pressure
• digestion
• disinfection
• dissociation
• dissolved solids
• distillation
• distributor
• dolomite
• domestic
• downflow
• drain
• drain line
• dynamic
• dynamic system

"E"

• E. Coli
• eductor
• effective size
• efficiency
• effluent
• ejector
• electrodialysis
• electrolysis
• electrolyte
• electron
• elution
• endpoint
• equilibrium
• equilibrium reaction
• equivalent weight
• erosion
• Escherichia Coli
• exchange velocity
• exhaustion

"F"

• fecal
• filter
• filter area
• filter medium
• filtrate
• fines
• fixed solids
• fixture
• fixture unit
• floc
• flocculation
• flow control
• flow rate
• fluoridation
• flush tank
• flush valve
• FMA
• fouling
• free available chlorine
• freeboard
• free carbon dioxide
• free chlorine
• free mineral acidity

"G"

• Gallionella ferruginea
• gallon
• galvanic cell
• galvanic corrosion
• gate valve
• gel zeolite
• Giardia Lamblia
• globe valve
• gpg
• grab sample
• grain (gr.)
• grain(s) per gallon (gpg)
• gram (g)
• gram-milliequivalent
• gravimetric
• greensand

"H"

• hardness
• head
• head loss
• high-test hypochlorite
• home-owned
• hydration
• hydraulic
• hydraulic classification
• hydrogen cycle
• hydrogen ion concentration
• hydrogen sulfide
• hydrologic cycle
• hydrolysis
• hydropneumatic system
• hydrostatic test
• hydroxide
• hydroxyl
• hypochlorite

"I"

• indicator
• influent
• inorganic matter
• installation
• intermittent flow
• ion
• ion exchange
• ion exchanger
• ionization
• ionization constant
• iron
• iron bacteria

"J"

• Jackson Turbidity Unit

"K"

• kilo
• kilograin (Kgr.)
• kilogram (Kg.)

"L"

• laminar flow
• Langelier's Index
• LAS
• leakage
• lime
• lime scale
• limestone
• linear alkyl sulfonate
• liter

"M"

• M alkalinity
• macroreticular
• magnesium
• manganese
• manganese greensand
• manganese zeolite
• MBAS
• MCL
• mechanical filter
• media
• medium
• Methylene Blue Active Substances
• mg/L
• micrometer
• micron
• micron rating
• mil
• milli
• milligram per liter (mg/L)
• millimicron
• mineral
• mineral acidity
• mole
• molecule
• most probable number (MPN)
• MPN

"N"

• nanometer
• negative charge
• negative head
• negative pressure
• nephelometric turbidity unit
• neutral
• neutralization
• neutralizer
• noncarbonate hardness
• normal solution
• NTU

"O"

• odors
• operating pressure
• organic matter
• osmosis
• oxidation
• ozone

"P"

• P alkalinity
• particle size
• parts per million (ppm)
• pathogen
• P.E.
• percentage values
• permanent hardness
• permanganate
• pH
• phreatophyte
• physical stability
• pK
• pOH
• population equivalent
• pollution
• porosity
• portable exchange
• positive charge
• postchlorination
• potable water
• potassium permanganate
• ppm
• prechlorination
• precipitate
• precoat
• pressure differential
• pressure drop

"Q"

• quaternary ammonium

 "R"

• rated capacity
• rated in-service life
• rated pressure drop
• rated service flow
• rated softener capacity
• raw water
• recovery
• reduction
• red water
• regenerant
• regeneration
• regenerationlevel
• rejection
• residual
• residual chlorine
• resin
• resistance
• resistivity
• reverse deionization
• reverse osmosis
• rinse
• R.O.

"S"

• saline water
• salt
• salt splitting
• saponification
• scale
• sedimentation
• semipermeable membrane
• septic
• sequestration
• sequestering agent
• service run
• service unit
• shielded
• silica gel or siliceous gel
• sludge
• slug
• soap
• soda ash
• sodium
• sodium chloride
• sodium cycle
• soft water
• softened water
• solute
• solution feeder
• solvent
• specific conductance
• specific gravity
• specific resistance
• sphericity
• spore
• stability index
• Standard Methods
• static
• static system
• sterilization
• strong base load factor z
• sulfate
• sulfate-reducing bacteria
• sulfonic acid
• sulfur
• superchlorination
• supernatant
• surface-active agent
• surface tension
• surfactant
• suspended solids
• swelling
• syndet
• synthetic detergent

"T"

• TDS
• temporary hardness
• threshold
• throughput volume
• titration
• total acidity
• total alkalinity
• total cations
• total chlorine
• total dissolved solids (TDS)
• total hardness
• total solids
• toxic
• trace
• transpiration
• tuberculation
• turbidity
• turbulent flow

"U"

• unaccounted-for water
• uniformity coefficient
• upflow
• USEPA
• USPHS

"V"

• vacuum breaker
• valence
• viable
• virus
• viscosity
• void volume
• volatile
• volatile solids
• volumetric

"W"

• water conditioning
• water cycle
• water hammer
• water softening
• water table
• weak base load faction x

  "Z"

• zeolite
• zeolite softening
• zero soft
• zone of aeration
• zone of saturation